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Insecticide is a type of agricultural medicine (chemical or biological) that is used to kill, repel, or control harmful insects that attack crops. These harmful insects damage plants by eating leaves, sucking sap, or boring into stems and roots, leading to lower yields and poor-quality crops. In rice crops, insect pests can cause major losses if not properly managed.

Common Harmful Insects in Rice Fields
 

  • Brown planthopper (BPH) – Sucks sap and spreads virus diseases

  • Rice stem borer – Bores into stems and causes "dead heart" and "whitehead"

  • Leaf folder – Folds leaves and eats the green part (reduces photosynthesis)

  • Gall midge – Causes abnormal growth ("silver shoots")

  • Rice hispa – Scrapes and damages leaves
     


How Insecticides Kill Harmful Insects in Rice Crops
 

Insecticides help in three major ways:

  1. Contact Action

    • Insects die when they touch the insecticide sprayed on leaves and stems.
       

  2. Stomach Action

    • Insects die when they feed on insecticide-covered plant parts.
       

  3. Systemic Action

    • The insecticide is absorbed by the rice plant and moves inside.